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what's up for December the Orion Nebula

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hello and welcome I'm Jane Houston Jones

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at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in

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Pasadena California this is the final

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month of international year of astronomy

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but that shouldn't stop you from looking

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up next year this month's target is in

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one of the most recognizable

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constellations Orion the Orion Nebula is

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easy to find and it's one of the most

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beautiful objects to observe through a

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telescope you can see it with your

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unaided eye - even from the city Galileo

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observed and sketched the Orion

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constellation and even the small

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grouping of stars in the trapezium

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region of the Orion Nebula but he never

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wrote about or sketched the nebula

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itself no other early astronomers did

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either an observation from 1654 shows

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not only the three stars Galileo saw but

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also the fuzzy patch which we know as

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the Orion Nebula in 1656 Christian

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Horgan's made one of the earliest

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sketches showing more of the nebula the

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Ryan nebulas glowing gas surrounds hot

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young stars at the edge of a huge

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interstellar molecular cloud only 1,500

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light-years away this is the nearest

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large star forming region and it's our

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best window into how stars are born in

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the center of the nebula life for

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massive young stars whose stellar winds

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have carved out a cavity known as the

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trapezium in the same region

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protoplanetary discs are forming from

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gas and dust solar systems like our own

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form from disks like these the stellar

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winds from stars create bubbles and arcs

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bow shocks

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and a huge deep bowl dark pillars of gas

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are found in the outer layers and cool

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brown dwarfs lie within the nebula too

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next time you step outside and look at

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the Orion constellation notice his three

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belt stars and the sword hanging from

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his belt the middle star in the sword

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looks just like William Herschel's

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description of two centuries ago an

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unformed fiery mist the chaotic material

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of future Suns

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that's the Orion Nebula you can learn

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all about NASA's missions at WWDC gov